import logging
import math

from esphome import automation
import esphome.codegen as cg
from esphome.components import mqtt, web_server, zigbee
import esphome.config_validation as cv
from esphome.const import (
    CONF_ABOVE,
    CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS,
    CONF_ALPHA,
    CONF_BASELINE,
    CONF_BELOW,
    CONF_CALIBRATION,
    CONF_DEVICE_CLASS,
    CONF_ENTITY_CATEGORY,
    CONF_EXPIRE_AFTER,
    CONF_FILTERS,
    CONF_FORCE_UPDATE,
    CONF_FROM,
    CONF_ICON,
    CONF_ID,
    CONF_IGNORE_OUT_OF_RANGE,
    CONF_MAX_VALUE,
    CONF_METHOD,
    CONF_MIN_VALUE,
    CONF_MQTT_ID,
    CONF_MULTIPLE,
    CONF_ON_RAW_VALUE,
    CONF_ON_VALUE,
    CONF_ON_VALUE_RANGE,
    CONF_OPTIMISTIC,
    CONF_PERIOD,
    CONF_QUANTILE,
    CONF_SEND_EVERY,
    CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT,
    CONF_STATE_CLASS,
    CONF_TEMPERATURE,
    CONF_TIMEOUT,
    CONF_TO,
    CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
    CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT,
    CONF_VALUE,
    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
    CONF_WINDOW_SIZE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ABSOLUTE_HUMIDITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_APPARENT_POWER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_AQI,
    DEVICE_CLASS_AREA,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ATMOSPHERIC_PRESSURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_BATTERY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_BLOOD_GLUCOSE_CONCENTRATION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CARBON_DIOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CARBON_MONOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CONDUCTIVITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CURRENT,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DATA_RATE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DATA_SIZE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DATE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DISTANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_EMPTY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ENERGY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ENERGY_DISTANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ENERGY_STORAGE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_FREQUENCY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_GAS,
    DEVICE_CLASS_HUMIDITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ILLUMINANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_IRRADIANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_MOISTURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_MONETARY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_NITROGEN_DIOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_NITROGEN_MONOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_NITROUS_OXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_OZONE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PH,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM1,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM4,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM10,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM25,
    DEVICE_CLASS_POWER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_POWER_FACTOR,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PRECIPITATION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PRECIPITATION_INTENSITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PRESSURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_REACTIVE_ENERGY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_REACTIVE_POWER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SOUND_PRESSURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SPEED,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SULPHUR_DIOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE_DELTA,
    DEVICE_CLASS_TIMESTAMP,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS_PARTS,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLTAGE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLUME,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLUME_FLOW_RATE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLUME_STORAGE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WATER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WEIGHT,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WIND_DIRECTION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WIND_SPEED,
    ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
)
from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
from esphome.core.entity_helpers import entity_duplicate_validator, setup_entity
from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObj, MockObjClass
from esphome.util import Registry

CODEOWNERS = ["@esphome/core"]
DEVICE_CLASSES = [
    DEVICE_CLASS_ABSOLUTE_HUMIDITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_APPARENT_POWER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_AQI,
    DEVICE_CLASS_AREA,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ATMOSPHERIC_PRESSURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_BATTERY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_BLOOD_GLUCOSE_CONCENTRATION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CARBON_DIOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CARBON_MONOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CONDUCTIVITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_CURRENT,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DATA_RATE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DATA_SIZE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DATE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DISTANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_EMPTY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ENERGY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ENERGY_DISTANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ENERGY_STORAGE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_FREQUENCY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_GAS,
    DEVICE_CLASS_HUMIDITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_ILLUMINANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_IRRADIANCE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_MOISTURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_MONETARY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_NITROGEN_DIOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_NITROGEN_MONOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_NITROUS_OXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_OZONE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PH,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM1,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM10,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM25,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PM4,
    DEVICE_CLASS_POWER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_POWER_FACTOR,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PRECIPITATION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PRECIPITATION_INTENSITY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_PRESSURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_REACTIVE_ENERGY,
    DEVICE_CLASS_REACTIVE_POWER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SOUND_PRESSURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SPEED,
    DEVICE_CLASS_SULPHUR_DIOXIDE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE_DELTA,
    DEVICE_CLASS_TIMESTAMP,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS_PARTS,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLTAGE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLUME,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLUME_FLOW_RATE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLUME_STORAGE,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WATER,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WEIGHT,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WIND_DIRECTION,
    DEVICE_CLASS_WIND_SPEED,
]

_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
sensor_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("sensor")
StateClasses = sensor_ns.enum("StateClass")
STATE_CLASSES = {
    "": StateClasses.STATE_CLASS_NONE,
    "measurement": StateClasses.STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
    "total_increasing": StateClasses.STATE_CLASS_TOTAL_INCREASING,
    "total": StateClasses.STATE_CLASS_TOTAL,
    "measurement_angle": StateClasses.STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT_ANGLE,
}
validate_state_class = cv.enum(STATE_CLASSES, lower=True, space="_")

IS_PLATFORM_COMPONENT = True


def validate_send_first_at(value):
    send_first_at = value.get(CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT)
    send_every = value[CONF_SEND_EVERY]
    if send_first_at is not None and send_first_at > send_every:
        raise cv.Invalid(
            f"send_first_at must be smaller than or equal to send_every! {send_first_at} <= {send_every}"
        )
    return value


FILTER_REGISTRY = Registry()
validate_filters = cv.validate_registry("filter", FILTER_REGISTRY)


def validate_datapoint(value):
    if isinstance(value, dict):
        return cv.Schema(
            {
                cv.Required(CONF_FROM): cv.float_,
                cv.Required(CONF_TO): cv.float_,
            }
        )(value)
    value = cv.string(value)
    if "->" not in value:
        raise cv.Invalid("Datapoint mapping must contain '->'")
    a, b = value.split("->", 1)
    a, b = a.strip(), b.strip()
    return validate_datapoint({CONF_FROM: cv.float_(a), CONF_TO: cv.float_(b)})


_SENSOR_ENTITY_CATEGORIES = {
    k: v for k, v in cv.ENTITY_CATEGORIES.items() if k != ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG
}


def sensor_entity_category(value):
    return cv.enum(_SENSOR_ENTITY_CATEGORIES, lower=True)(value)


# Base
Sensor = sensor_ns.class_("Sensor", cg.EntityBase)
SensorPtr = Sensor.operator("ptr")

# Triggers
SensorStateTrigger = sensor_ns.class_(
    "SensorStateTrigger", automation.Trigger.template(cg.float_)
)
SensorRawStateTrigger = sensor_ns.class_(
    "SensorRawStateTrigger", automation.Trigger.template(cg.float_)
)
ValueRangeTrigger = sensor_ns.class_(
    "ValueRangeTrigger", automation.Trigger.template(cg.float_), cg.Component
)
SensorPublishAction = sensor_ns.class_("SensorPublishAction", automation.Action)

# Filters
Filter = sensor_ns.class_("Filter")
QuantileFilter = sensor_ns.class_("QuantileFilter", Filter)
MedianFilter = sensor_ns.class_("MedianFilter", Filter)
SkipInitialFilter = sensor_ns.class_("SkipInitialFilter", Filter)
MinFilter = sensor_ns.class_("MinFilter", Filter)
MaxFilter = sensor_ns.class_("MaxFilter", Filter)
SlidingWindowMovingAverageFilter = sensor_ns.class_(
    "SlidingWindowMovingAverageFilter", Filter
)
StreamingMinFilter = sensor_ns.class_("StreamingMinFilter", Filter)
StreamingMaxFilter = sensor_ns.class_("StreamingMaxFilter", Filter)
StreamingMovingAverageFilter = sensor_ns.class_("StreamingMovingAverageFilter", Filter)
ExponentialMovingAverageFilter = sensor_ns.class_(
    "ExponentialMovingAverageFilter", Filter
)
ThrottleAverageFilter = sensor_ns.class_("ThrottleAverageFilter", Filter, cg.Component)
LambdaFilter = sensor_ns.class_("LambdaFilter", Filter)
StatelessLambdaFilter = sensor_ns.class_("StatelessLambdaFilter", Filter)
OffsetFilter = sensor_ns.class_("OffsetFilter", Filter)
MultiplyFilter = sensor_ns.class_("MultiplyFilter", Filter)
ValueListFilter = sensor_ns.class_("ValueListFilter", Filter)
FilterOutValueFilter = sensor_ns.class_("FilterOutValueFilter", ValueListFilter)
ThrottleFilter = sensor_ns.class_("ThrottleFilter", Filter)
ThrottleWithPriorityFilter = sensor_ns.class_(
    "ThrottleWithPriorityFilter", ValueListFilter
)
TimeoutFilterBase = sensor_ns.class_("TimeoutFilterBase", Filter, cg.Component)
TimeoutFilterLast = sensor_ns.class_("TimeoutFilterLast", TimeoutFilterBase)
TimeoutFilterConfigured = sensor_ns.class_("TimeoutFilterConfigured", TimeoutFilterBase)
DebounceFilter = sensor_ns.class_("DebounceFilter", Filter, cg.Component)
HeartbeatFilter = sensor_ns.class_("HeartbeatFilter", Filter, cg.Component)
DeltaFilter = sensor_ns.class_("DeltaFilter", Filter)
OrFilter = sensor_ns.class_("OrFilter", Filter)
CalibrateLinearFilter = sensor_ns.class_("CalibrateLinearFilter", Filter)
ToNTCResistanceFilter = sensor_ns.class_("ToNTCResistanceFilter", Filter)
ToNTCTemperatureFilter = sensor_ns.class_("ToNTCTemperatureFilter", Filter)
CalibratePolynomialFilter = sensor_ns.class_("CalibratePolynomialFilter", Filter)
SensorInRangeCondition = sensor_ns.class_("SensorInRangeCondition", Filter)
ClampFilter = sensor_ns.class_("ClampFilter", Filter)
RoundFilter = sensor_ns.class_("RoundFilter", Filter)
RoundMultipleFilter = sensor_ns.class_("RoundMultipleFilter", Filter)

validate_unit_of_measurement = cv.string_strict
validate_accuracy_decimals = cv.int_
validate_icon = cv.icon
validate_device_class = cv.one_of(*DEVICE_CLASSES, lower=True, space="_")

_SENSOR_SCHEMA = (
    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
    .extend(cv.MQTT_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
    .extend(zigbee.SENSOR_SCHEMA)
    .extend(
        {
            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTSensorComponent),
            cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(Sensor),
            cv.Optional(CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT): validate_unit_of_measurement,
            cv.Optional(CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS): validate_accuracy_decimals,
            cv.Optional(CONF_DEVICE_CLASS): validate_device_class,
            cv.Optional(CONF_STATE_CLASS): validate_state_class,
            cv.Optional(CONF_ENTITY_CATEGORY): sensor_entity_category,
            cv.Optional(CONF_FORCE_UPDATE, default=False): cv.boolean,
            cv.Optional(CONF_EXPIRE_AFTER): cv.All(
                cv.requires_component("mqtt"),
                cv.Any(None, cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds),
            ),
            cv.Optional(CONF_FILTERS): validate_filters,
            cv.Optional(CONF_ON_VALUE): automation.validate_automation(
                {
                    cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(SensorStateTrigger),
                }
            ),
            cv.Optional(CONF_ON_RAW_VALUE): automation.validate_automation(
                {
                    cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(
                        SensorRawStateTrigger
                    ),
                }
            ),
            cv.Optional(CONF_ON_VALUE_RANGE): automation.validate_automation(
                {
                    cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(ValueRangeTrigger),
                    cv.Optional(CONF_ABOVE): cv.templatable(cv.float_),
                    cv.Optional(CONF_BELOW): cv.templatable(cv.float_),
                },
                cv.has_at_least_one_key(CONF_ABOVE, CONF_BELOW),
            ),
        }
    )
)

_SENSOR_SCHEMA.add_extra(entity_duplicate_validator("sensor"))
_SENSOR_SCHEMA.add_extra(zigbee.validate_sensor)


def sensor_schema(
    class_: MockObjClass = cv.UNDEFINED,
    *,
    unit_of_measurement: str = cv.UNDEFINED,
    icon: str = cv.UNDEFINED,
    accuracy_decimals: int = cv.UNDEFINED,
    device_class: str = cv.UNDEFINED,
    state_class: str = cv.UNDEFINED,
    entity_category: str = cv.UNDEFINED,
    filters: list = cv.UNDEFINED,
) -> cv.Schema:
    schema = {}

    if class_ is not cv.UNDEFINED:
        # Not optional.
        schema[cv.GenerateID()] = cv.declare_id(class_)

    for key, default, validator in [
        (CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT, unit_of_measurement, validate_unit_of_measurement),
        (CONF_ICON, icon, validate_icon),
        (CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS, accuracy_decimals, validate_accuracy_decimals),
        (CONF_DEVICE_CLASS, device_class, validate_device_class),
        (CONF_STATE_CLASS, state_class, validate_state_class),
        (CONF_ENTITY_CATEGORY, entity_category, sensor_entity_category),
        (CONF_FILTERS, filters, validate_filters),
    ]:
        if default is not cv.UNDEFINED:
            schema[cv.Optional(key, default=default)] = validator

    return _SENSOR_SCHEMA.extend(schema)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("offset", OffsetFilter, cv.templatable(cv.float_))
async def offset_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    template_ = await cg.templatable(config, [], float)
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, template_)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("multiply", MultiplyFilter, cv.templatable(cv.float_))
async def multiply_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    template_ = await cg.templatable(config, [], float)
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, template_)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "filter_out",
    FilterOutValueFilter,
    cv.Any(cv.templatable(cv.float_), [cv.templatable(cv.float_)]),
)
async def filter_out_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    if not isinstance(config, list):
        config = [config]
    template_ = [await cg.templatable(x, [], float) for x in config]
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, template_)


QUANTILE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    cv.Schema(
        {
            cv.Optional(CONF_WINDOW_SIZE, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_EVERY, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT, default=1): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_QUANTILE, default=0.9): cv.zero_to_one_float,
        }
    ),
    validate_send_first_at,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("quantile", QuantileFilter, QUANTILE_SCHEMA)
async def quantile_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        config[CONF_WINDOW_SIZE],
        config[CONF_SEND_EVERY],
        config[CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT],
        config[CONF_QUANTILE],
    )


MEDIAN_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    cv.Schema(
        {
            cv.Optional(CONF_WINDOW_SIZE, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_EVERY, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT, default=1): cv.positive_not_null_int,
        }
    ),
    validate_send_first_at,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("median", MedianFilter, MEDIAN_SCHEMA)
async def median_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        config[CONF_WINDOW_SIZE],
        config[CONF_SEND_EVERY],
        config[CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT],
    )


MIN_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    cv.Schema(
        {
            cv.Optional(CONF_WINDOW_SIZE, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_EVERY, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT, default=1): cv.positive_not_null_int,
        }
    ),
    validate_send_first_at,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("skip_initial", SkipInitialFilter, cv.positive_not_null_int)
async def skip_initial_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("min", Filter, MIN_SCHEMA)
async def min_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    window_size: int = config[CONF_WINDOW_SIZE]
    send_every: int = config[CONF_SEND_EVERY]
    send_first_at: int = config[CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT]

    # Optimization: Use streaming filter for batch windows (window_size == send_every)
    # Saves 99.98% memory for large windows (e.g., 20KB → 4 bytes for window_size=5000)
    if window_size == send_every:
        # Use streaming filter - O(1) memory instead of O(n)
        rhs = StreamingMinFilter.new(window_size, send_first_at)
        return cg.Pvariable(filter_id, rhs, StreamingMinFilter)
    # Use sliding window filter - maintains ring buffer
    rhs = MinFilter.new(window_size, send_every, send_first_at)
    return cg.Pvariable(filter_id, rhs, MinFilter)


MAX_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    cv.Schema(
        {
            cv.Optional(CONF_WINDOW_SIZE, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_EVERY, default=5): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT, default=1): cv.positive_not_null_int,
        }
    ),
    validate_send_first_at,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("max", Filter, MAX_SCHEMA)
async def max_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    window_size: int = config[CONF_WINDOW_SIZE]
    send_every: int = config[CONF_SEND_EVERY]
    send_first_at: int = config[CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT]

    # Optimization: Use streaming filter for batch windows (window_size == send_every)
    if window_size == send_every:
        rhs = StreamingMaxFilter.new(window_size, send_first_at)
        return cg.Pvariable(filter_id, rhs, StreamingMaxFilter)
    rhs = MaxFilter.new(window_size, send_every, send_first_at)
    return cg.Pvariable(filter_id, rhs, MaxFilter)


SLIDING_AVERAGE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    cv.Schema(
        {
            cv.Optional(CONF_WINDOW_SIZE, default=15): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_EVERY, default=15): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT, default=1): cv.positive_not_null_int,
        }
    ),
    validate_send_first_at,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "sliding_window_moving_average",
    Filter,
    SLIDING_AVERAGE_SCHEMA,
)
async def sliding_window_moving_average_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    window_size: int = config[CONF_WINDOW_SIZE]
    send_every: int = config[CONF_SEND_EVERY]
    send_first_at: int = config[CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT]

    # Optimization: Use streaming filter for batch windows (window_size == send_every)
    if window_size == send_every:
        rhs = StreamingMovingAverageFilter.new(window_size, send_first_at)
        return cg.Pvariable(filter_id, rhs, StreamingMovingAverageFilter)
    rhs = SlidingWindowMovingAverageFilter.new(window_size, send_every, send_first_at)
    return cg.Pvariable(filter_id, rhs, SlidingWindowMovingAverageFilter)


EXPONENTIAL_AVERAGE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    cv.Schema(
        {
            cv.Optional(CONF_ALPHA, default=0.1): cv.positive_float,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_EVERY, default=15): cv.positive_not_null_int,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT, default=1): cv.positive_not_null_int,
        }
    ),
    validate_send_first_at,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "exponential_moving_average",
    ExponentialMovingAverageFilter,
    EXPONENTIAL_AVERAGE_SCHEMA,
)
async def exponential_moving_average_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        config[CONF_ALPHA],
        config[CONF_SEND_EVERY],
        config[CONF_SEND_FIRST_AT],
    )


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "throttle_average", ThrottleAverageFilter, cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds
)
async def throttle_average_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    var = cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config)
    await cg.register_component(var, {})
    return var


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("lambda", LambdaFilter, cv.returning_lambda)
async def lambda_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    lambda_ = await cg.process_lambda(
        config, [(float, "x")], return_type=cg.optional.template(float)
    )
    return automation.new_lambda_pvariable(filter_id, lambda_, StatelessLambdaFilter)


def validate_delta_value(value):
    if isinstance(value, str) and value.endswith("%"):
        # Check it's a well-formed percentage, but return the string as-is
        try:
            cv.positive_float(value[:-1])
            return value
        except cv.Invalid as exc:
            raise cv.Invalid("Malformed delta % value") from exc
    return cv.positive_float(value)


# This ideally would be done with `cv.maybe_simple_value` but it doesn't seem to respect the default for min_value.
DELTA_SCHEMA = cv.Any(
    cv.All(
        {
            # Ideally this would be 'default=float("inf")' but it doesn't translate well to C++
            cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_VALUE): validate_delta_value,
            cv.Optional(CONF_MIN_VALUE, default="0.0"): validate_delta_value,
            cv.Optional(CONF_BASELINE): cv.templatable(cv.float_),
        },
        cv.has_at_least_one_key(CONF_MAX_VALUE, CONF_MIN_VALUE),
    ),
    validate_delta_value,
)


def _get_delta(value):
    if isinstance(value, str):
        assert value.endswith("%")
        return 0.0, float(value[:-1]) / 100.0
    return value, 0.0


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("delta", DeltaFilter, DELTA_SCHEMA)
async def delta_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    # The config could be just the min_value, or it could be a dict.
    max = MockObj("std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity()"), 0
    if isinstance(config, dict):
        min = _get_delta(config[CONF_MIN_VALUE])
        if CONF_MAX_VALUE in config:
            max = _get_delta(config[CONF_MAX_VALUE])
    else:
        min = _get_delta(config)
    var = cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, *min, *max)
    if isinstance(config, dict) and (baseline_lambda := config.get(CONF_BASELINE)):
        baseline = await cg.process_lambda(
            baseline_lambda, [(float, "x")], return_type=float
        )
        cg.add(var.set_baseline(baseline))
    return var


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("or", OrFilter, validate_filters)
async def or_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    filters = await build_filters(config)
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, filters)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "throttle", ThrottleFilter, cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds
)
async def throttle_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config)


THROTTLE_WITH_PRIORITY_SCHEMA = cv.maybe_simple_value(
    {
        cv.Required(CONF_TIMEOUT): cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
        cv.Optional(CONF_VALUE, default="nan"): cv.Any(
            cv.templatable(cv.float_), [cv.templatable(cv.float_)]
        ),
    },
    key=CONF_TIMEOUT,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "throttle_with_priority",
    ThrottleWithPriorityFilter,
    THROTTLE_WITH_PRIORITY_SCHEMA,
)
async def throttle_with_priority_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    if not isinstance(config[CONF_VALUE], list):
        config[CONF_VALUE] = [config[CONF_VALUE]]
    template_ = [await cg.templatable(x, [], float) for x in config[CONF_VALUE]]
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config[CONF_TIMEOUT], template_)


HEARTBEAT_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
    {
        cv.Required(CONF_PERIOD): cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
        cv.Optional(CONF_OPTIMISTIC, default=False): cv.boolean,
    }
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "heartbeat",
    HeartbeatFilter,
    cv.Any(
        cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
        HEARTBEAT_SCHEMA,
    ),
)
async def heartbeat_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    if isinstance(config, dict):
        var = cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config[CONF_PERIOD])
        await cg.register_component(var, {})
        cg.add(var.set_optimistic(config[CONF_OPTIMISTIC]))
        return var

    var = cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config)
    await cg.register_component(var, {})
    return var


TIMEOUT_SCHEMA = cv.maybe_simple_value(
    {
        cv.Required(CONF_TIMEOUT): cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
        cv.Optional(CONF_VALUE, default="nan"): cv.Any(
            "last", cv.templatable(cv.float_)
        ),
    },
    key=CONF_TIMEOUT,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("timeout", TimeoutFilterBase, TIMEOUT_SCHEMA)
async def timeout_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    filter_id = filter_id.copy()
    if config[CONF_VALUE] == "last":
        # Use TimeoutFilterLast for "last" mode (smaller, more common - LD2450, LD2412, etc.)
        filter_id.type = TimeoutFilterLast
        var = cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config[CONF_TIMEOUT])
    else:
        # Use TimeoutFilterConfigured for configured value mode
        filter_id.type = TimeoutFilterConfigured
        template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_VALUE], [], float)
        var = cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config[CONF_TIMEOUT], template_)
    await cg.register_component(var, {})
    return var


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "debounce", DebounceFilter, cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds
)
async def debounce_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    var = cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, config)
    await cg.register_component(var, {})
    return var


CONF_DATAPOINTS = "datapoints"


def validate_calibrate_linear(config):
    datapoints = config[CONF_DATAPOINTS]
    if config[CONF_METHOD] == "exact":
        for i in range(len(datapoints) - 1):
            if datapoints[i][CONF_FROM] > datapoints[i + 1][CONF_FROM]:
                raise cv.Invalid(
                    "The 'from' values of the calibrate_linear filter must be sorted in ascending order."
                )
        for i in range(len(datapoints) - 1):
            if datapoints[i][CONF_FROM] == datapoints[i + 1][CONF_FROM]:
                raise cv.Invalid(
                    "The 'from' values of the calibrate_linear filter must not contain duplicates."
                )
    elif config[CONF_METHOD] == "least_squares":
        if all(conf[CONF_FROM] == datapoints[0][CONF_FROM] for conf in datapoints):
            raise cv.Invalid(
                "The 'from' values of the calibrate_linear filter cannot all point "
                "to the same value! Please add more values to the filter."
            )
    return config


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "calibrate_linear",
    CalibrateLinearFilter,
    cv.maybe_simple_value(
        {
            cv.Required(CONF_DATAPOINTS): cv.All(
                cv.ensure_list(validate_datapoint), cv.Length(min=2)
            ),
            cv.Optional(CONF_METHOD, default="least_squares"): cv.one_of(
                "least_squares", "exact", lower=True
            ),
        },
        validate_calibrate_linear,
        key=CONF_DATAPOINTS,
    ),
)
async def calibrate_linear_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    x = [conf[CONF_FROM] for conf in config[CONF_DATAPOINTS]]
    y = [conf[CONF_TO] for conf in config[CONF_DATAPOINTS]]

    linear_functions = []
    if config[CONF_METHOD] == "least_squares":
        k, b = fit_linear(x, y)
        linear_functions = [[k, b, float("NaN")]]
    elif config[CONF_METHOD] == "exact":
        linear_functions = map_linear(x, y)
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, linear_functions)


CONF_DEGREE = "degree"


def validate_calibrate_polynomial(config):
    if config[CONF_DEGREE] >= len(config[CONF_DATAPOINTS]):
        raise cv.Invalid(
            f"Degree is too high! Maximum possible degree with given datapoints is {len(config[CONF_DATAPOINTS]) - 1}",
            [CONF_DEGREE],
        )
    return config


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "calibrate_polynomial",
    CalibratePolynomialFilter,
    cv.All(
        cv.Schema(
            {
                cv.Required(CONF_DATAPOINTS): cv.All(
                    cv.ensure_list(validate_datapoint), cv.Length(min=1)
                ),
                cv.Required(CONF_DEGREE): cv.positive_int,
            }
        ),
        validate_calibrate_polynomial,
    ),
)
async def calibrate_polynomial_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    x = [conf[CONF_FROM] for conf in config[CONF_DATAPOINTS]]
    y = [conf[CONF_TO] for conf in config[CONF_DATAPOINTS]]
    degree = config[CONF_DEGREE]
    a = [[1] + [x_ ** (i + 1) for i in range(degree)] for x_ in x]
    # Column vector
    b = [[v] for v in y]
    res = [v[0] for v in _lstsq(a, b)]
    return cg.new_Pvariable(filter_id, res)


def validate_clamp(config):
    if not math.isfinite(config[CONF_MIN_VALUE]) and not math.isfinite(
        config[CONF_MAX_VALUE]
    ):
        raise cv.Invalid("Either 'min_value' or 'max_value' must be set to a number.")
    if config[CONF_MIN_VALUE] > config[CONF_MAX_VALUE]:
        raise cv.Invalid("The 'min_value' must not be larger than the 'max_value'.")
    return config


CLAMP_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    cv.Schema(
        {
            cv.Optional(CONF_MIN_VALUE, default="NaN"): cv.float_,
            cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_VALUE, default="NaN"): cv.float_,
            cv.Optional(CONF_IGNORE_OUT_OF_RANGE, default=False): cv.boolean,
        }
    ),
    validate_clamp,
)


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register("clamp", ClampFilter, CLAMP_SCHEMA)
async def clamp_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        config[CONF_MIN_VALUE],
        config[CONF_MAX_VALUE],
        config[CONF_IGNORE_OUT_OF_RANGE],
    )


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "round",
    RoundFilter,
    cv.maybe_simple_value(
        {
            cv.Required(CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS): cv.uint8_t,
        },
        key=CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS,
    ),
)
async def round_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        config[CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS],
    )


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "round_to_multiple_of",
    RoundMultipleFilter,
    cv.maybe_simple_value(
        {
            cv.Required(CONF_MULTIPLE): cv.positive_not_null_float,
        },
        key=CONF_MULTIPLE,
    ),
)
async def round_multiple_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        config[CONF_MULTIPLE],
    )


async def build_filters(config):
    return await cg.build_registry_list(FILTER_REGISTRY, config)


@coroutine_with_priority(CoroPriority.AUTOMATION)
async def _build_sensor_automations(var, config):
    for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_VALUE, []):
        trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
        await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(float, "x")], conf)
    for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_RAW_VALUE, []):
        trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
        await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(float, "x")], conf)
    for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_VALUE_RANGE, []):
        trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
        await cg.register_component(trigger, conf)
        if (above := conf.get(CONF_ABOVE)) is not None:
            template_ = await cg.templatable(above, [(float, "x")], float)
            cg.add(trigger.set_min(template_))
        if (below := conf.get(CONF_BELOW)) is not None:
            template_ = await cg.templatable(below, [(float, "x")], float)
            cg.add(trigger.set_max(template_))
        await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(float, "x")], conf)


async def setup_sensor_core_(var, config):
    await setup_entity(var, config, "sensor")

    if (device_class := config.get(CONF_DEVICE_CLASS)) is not None:
        cg.add(var.set_device_class(device_class))
    if (state_class := config.get(CONF_STATE_CLASS)) is not None:
        cg.add(var.set_state_class(state_class))
    if (unit_of_measurement := config.get(CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT)) is not None:
        cg.add(var.set_unit_of_measurement(unit_of_measurement))
    if (accuracy_decimals := config.get(CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS)) is not None:
        cg.add(var.set_accuracy_decimals(accuracy_decimals))
    # Only set force_update if True (default is False)
    if config[CONF_FORCE_UPDATE]:
        cg.add(var.set_force_update(True))
    if config.get(CONF_FILTERS):  # must exist and not be empty
        filters = await build_filters(config[CONF_FILTERS])
        cg.add(var.set_filters(filters))

    CORE.add_job(_build_sensor_automations, var, config)

    if (mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID)) is not None:
        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)

        if (
            expire_after := config.get(CONF_EXPIRE_AFTER, cv.UNDEFINED)
        ) is not cv.UNDEFINED:
            if expire_after is None:
                cg.add(mqtt_.disable_expire_after())
            else:
                cg.add(mqtt_.set_expire_after(expire_after))

    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)

    await zigbee.setup_sensor(var, config)


async def register_sensor(var, config):
    if not CORE.has_id(config[CONF_ID]):
        var = cg.Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], var)
    cg.add(cg.App.register_sensor(var))
    CORE.register_platform_component("sensor", var)
    await setup_sensor_core_(var, config)


async def new_sensor(config, *args):
    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], *args)
    await register_sensor(var, config)
    return var


SENSOR_IN_RANGE_CONDITION_SCHEMA = cv.All(
    {
        cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.use_id(Sensor),
        cv.Optional(CONF_ABOVE): cv.float_,
        cv.Optional(CONF_BELOW): cv.float_,
    },
    cv.has_at_least_one_key(CONF_ABOVE, CONF_BELOW),
)


@automation.register_condition(
    "sensor.in_range", SensorInRangeCondition, SENSOR_IN_RANGE_CONDITION_SCHEMA
)
async def sensor_in_range_to_code(config, condition_id, template_arg, args):
    paren = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ID])
    var = cg.new_Pvariable(condition_id, template_arg, paren)

    if (above := config.get(CONF_ABOVE)) is not None:
        cg.add(var.set_min(above))
    if (below := config.get(CONF_BELOW)) is not None:
        cg.add(var.set_max(below))

    return var


def validate_ntc_calibration_parameter(value):
    if isinstance(value, dict):
        return cv.Schema(
            {
                cv.Required(CONF_TEMPERATURE): cv.temperature,
                cv.Required(CONF_VALUE): cv.resistance,
            }
        )(value)

    value = cv.string(value)
    parts = value.split("->")
    if len(parts) != 2:
        raise cv.Invalid("Calibration parameter must be of form 3000 -> 23°C")
    resistance = cv.resistance(parts[0].strip())
    temperature = cv.temperature(parts[1].strip())
    return validate_ntc_calibration_parameter(
        {
            CONF_TEMPERATURE: temperature,
            CONF_VALUE: resistance,
        }
    )


CONF_A = "a"
CONF_B = "b"
CONF_C = "c"
ZERO_POINT = 273.15


def ntc_calc_steinhart_hart(value):
    r1 = value[0][CONF_VALUE]
    r2 = value[1][CONF_VALUE]
    r3 = value[2][CONF_VALUE]
    t1 = value[0][CONF_TEMPERATURE] + ZERO_POINT
    t2 = value[1][CONF_TEMPERATURE] + ZERO_POINT
    t3 = value[2][CONF_TEMPERATURE] + ZERO_POINT

    l1 = math.log(r1)
    l2 = math.log(r2)
    l3 = math.log(r3)

    y1 = 1 / t1
    y2 = 1 / t2
    y3 = 1 / t3

    g2 = (y2 - y1) / (l2 - l1)
    g3 = (y3 - y1) / (l3 - l1)

    c = (g3 - g2) / (l3 - l2) * 1 / (l1 + l2 + l3)
    b = g2 - c * (l1 * l1 + l1 * l2 + l2 * l2)
    a = y1 - (b + l1 * l1 * c) * l1
    return a, b, c


def ntc_get_abc(value):
    a = value[CONF_A]
    b = value[CONF_B]
    c = value[CONF_C]
    return a, b, c


def ntc_process_calibration(value):
    if isinstance(value, dict):
        value = cv.Schema(
            {
                cv.Required(CONF_A): cv.float_,
                cv.Required(CONF_B): cv.float_,
                cv.Required(CONF_C): cv.float_,
            }
        )(value)
        a, b, c = ntc_get_abc(value)
    elif isinstance(value, list):
        if len(value) != 3:
            raise cv.Invalid(
                "Steinhart–Hart Calibration must consist of exactly three values"
            )
        value = cv.Schema([validate_ntc_calibration_parameter])(value)
        a, b, c = ntc_calc_steinhart_hart(value)
    else:
        raise cv.Invalid(
            f"Calibration parameter accepts either a list for steinhart-hart calibration, or mapping for b-constant calibration, not {type(value)}"
        )
    _LOGGER.info("Coefficient: a:%s, b:%s, c:%s", a, b, c)
    return {
        CONF_A: a,
        CONF_B: b,
        CONF_C: c,
    }


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "to_ntc_resistance",
    ToNTCResistanceFilter,
    cv.All(
        cv.Schema(
            {
                cv.Required(CONF_CALIBRATION): ntc_process_calibration,
            }
        ),
    ),
)
async def calibrate_ntc_resistance_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    calib = config[CONF_CALIBRATION]
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        calib[CONF_A],
        calib[CONF_B],
        calib[CONF_C],
    )


@FILTER_REGISTRY.register(
    "to_ntc_temperature",
    ToNTCTemperatureFilter,
    cv.All(
        cv.Schema(
            {
                cv.Required(CONF_CALIBRATION): ntc_process_calibration,
            }
        ),
    ),
)
async def calibrate_ntc_temperature_filter_to_code(config, filter_id):
    calib = config[CONF_CALIBRATION]
    return cg.new_Pvariable(
        filter_id,
        calib[CONF_A],
        calib[CONF_B],
        calib[CONF_C],
    )


def _mean(xs):
    return sum(xs) / len(xs)


def _std(x):
    return math.sqrt(sum((x_ - _mean(x)) ** 2 for x_ in x) / (len(x) - 1))


def _correlation_coeff(x, y):
    m_x, m_y = _mean(x), _mean(y)
    s_xy = sum((x_ - m_x) * (y_ - m_y) for x_, y_ in zip(x, y))
    s_sq_x = sum((x_ - m_x) ** 2 for x_ in x)
    s_sq_y = sum((y_ - m_y) ** 2 for y_ in y)
    return s_xy / math.sqrt(s_sq_x * s_sq_y)


def fit_linear(x, y):
    assert len(x) == len(y)
    m_x, m_y = _mean(x), _mean(y)
    r = _correlation_coeff(x, y)
    k = r * (_std(y) / _std(x))
    b = m_y - k * m_x
    return k, b


def map_linear(x, y):
    assert len(x) == len(y)
    f = []
    for i in range(len(x) - 1):
        slope = (y[i + 1] - y[i]) / (x[i + 1] - x[i])
        bias = y[i] - (slope * x[i])
        next_x = x[i + 1]
        if i == len(x) - 2:
            next_x = float("NaN")
        if f and f[-1][0] == slope and f[-1][1] == bias:
            f[-1][2] = next_x
        else:
            f.append([slope, bias, next_x])
    return f


def _mat_copy(m):
    return [list(row) for row in m]


def _mat_transpose(m):
    return _mat_copy(zip(*m))


def _mat_identity(n):
    return [[int(i == j) for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)]


def _mat_dot(a, b):
    b_t = _mat_transpose(b)
    return [[sum(x * y for x, y in zip(row_a, col_b)) for col_b in b_t] for row_a in a]


def _mat_inverse(m):
    n = len(m)
    m = _mat_copy(m)
    id = _mat_identity(n)

    for diag in range(n):
        # If diag element is 0, swap rows
        if m[diag][diag] == 0:
            for i in range(diag + 1, n):
                if m[i][diag] != 0:
                    break
            else:
                raise ValueError("Singular matrix, inverse cannot be calculated!")

            # Swap rows
            m[diag], m[i] = m[i], m[diag]
            id[diag], id[i] = id[i], id[diag]

        # Scale row to 1 in diagonal
        scaler = 1.0 / m[diag][diag]
        for j in range(n):
            m[diag][j] *= scaler
            id[diag][j] *= scaler

        # Subtract diag row
        for i in range(n):
            if i == diag:
                continue
            scaler = m[i][diag]
            for j in range(n):
                m[i][j] -= scaler * m[diag][j]
                id[i][j] -= scaler * id[diag][j]

    return id


def _lstsq(a, b):
    # min_x ||b - ax||^2_2 => x = (a^T a)^{-1} a^T b
    a_t = _mat_transpose(a)
    x = _mat_inverse(_mat_dot(a_t, a))
    return _mat_dot(_mat_dot(x, a_t), b)


@coroutine_with_priority(CoroPriority.CORE)
async def to_code(config):
    cg.add_global(sensor_ns.using)
