NAME
    Net::Amazon::S3 - Use the Amazon S3 - Simple Storage Service

SYNOPSIS
      use Net::Amazon::S3;
      my $aws_access_key_id     = 'fill me in';
      my $aws_secret_access_key = 'fill me in too';

      my $s3 = Net::Amazon::S3->new(
          {   aws_access_key_id     => $aws_access_key_id,
              aws_secret_access_key => $aws_secret_access_key,
          }
      );

      # a bucket is a globally-unique directory
      # list all buckets that i own
      my $response = $s3->buckets;
      foreach my $bucket ( @{ $response->{buckets} } ) {
          print "You have a bucket: " . $bucket->bucket . "\n";
      }

      # create a new bucket
      my $bucketname = 'acmes_photo_backups';
      my $bucket = $s3->add_bucket( { bucket => $bucketname } )
          or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;

      # or use an existing bucket
      $bucket = $s3->bucket($bucketname);

      # store a file in the bucket
      $bucket->add_key_filename( '1.JPG', 'DSC06256.JPG',
          { content_type => 'image/jpeg', },
      ) or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;

      # store a value in the bucket
      $bucket->add_key( 'reminder.txt', 'this is where my photos are backed up' )
          or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;

      # list files in the bucket
      $response = $bucket->list_all
          or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
      foreach my $key ( @{ $response->{keys} } ) {
          my $key_name = $key->{key};
          my $key_size = $key->{size};
          print "Bucket contains key '$key_name' of size $key_size\n";
      }

      # fetch file from the bucket
      $response = $bucket->get_key_filename( '1.JPG', 'GET', 'backup.jpg' )
          or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;

      # fetch value from the bucket
      $response = $bucket->get_key('reminder.txt')
          or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
      print "reminder.txt:\n";
      print "  content length: " . $response->{content_length} . "\n";
      print "    content type: " . $response->{content_type} . "\n";
      print "            etag: " . $response->{content_type} . "\n";
      print "         content: " . $response->{value} . "\n";

      # delete keys
      $bucket->delete_key('reminder.txt') or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
      $bucket->delete_key('1.JPG')        or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;

      # and finally delete the bucket
      $bucket->delete_bucket or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;

DESCRIPTION
    This module provides a Perlish interface to Amazon S3. From the
    developer blurb: "Amazon S3 is storage for the Internet. It is designed
    to make web-scale computing easier for developers. Amazon S3 provides a
    simple web services interface that can be used to store and retrieve any
    amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. It gives any
    developer access to the same highly scalable, reliable, fast,
    inexpensive data storage infrastructure that Amazon uses to run its own
    global network of web sites. The service aims to maximize benefits of
    scale and to pass those benefits on to developers".

    To find out more about S3, please visit: http://s3.amazonaws.com/

    To use this module you will need to sign up to Amazon Web Services and
    provide an "Access Key ID" and " Secret Access Key". If you use this
    module, you will incurr costs as specified by Amazon. Please check the
    costs. If you use this module with your Access Key ID and Secret Access
    Key you must be responsible for these costs.

    I highly recommend reading all about S3, but in a nutshell data is
    stored in values. Values are referenced by keys, and keys are stored in
    buckets. Bucket names are global.

METHODS
  new
    Create a new S3 client object. Takes some arguments:

    aws_access_key_id
        Use your Access Key ID as the value of the AWSAccessKeyId parameter
        in requests you send to Amazon Web Services (when required). Your
        Access Key ID identifies you as the party responsible for the
        request.

    aws_secret_access_key
        Since your Access Key ID is not encrypted in requests to AWS, it
        could be discovered and used by anyone. Services that are not free
        require you to provide additional information, a request signature,
        to verify that a request containing your unique Access Key ID could
        only have come from you.

        DO NOT INCLUDE THIS IN SCRIPTS OR APPLICATIONS YOU DISTRIBUTE.
        YOU'LL BE SORRY

    secure
        Set this to 1 if you want to use SSL-encrypted connections when
        talking to S3. Defaults to 0.

    timeout
        How many seconds should your script wait before bailing on a request
        to S3? Defaults to 30.

    retry
        If this library should retry upon errors. This option is
        recommended. This uses exponential backoff with retries after 1, 2,
        4, 8, 16, 32 seconds, as recommended by Amazon.

  buckets
    Returns undef on error, else hashref of results

  add_bucket
    Takes a hashref:

    bucket
        The name of the bucket you want to add

    acl_short (optional)
        See the set_acl subroutine for documenation on the acl_short options

    location_constraint (option)
        Sets the location constraint of the new bucket. If left unspecified,
        the default S3 datacenter location will be used. Otherwise, you can
        set it to 'EU' for a European data center - note that costs are
        different.

    Returns 0 on failure, Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket object on success

  bucket BUCKET
    Takes a scalar argument, the name of the bucket you're creating

    Returns an (unverified) bucket object from an account. Does no network
    access.

  delete_bucket
    Takes either a Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket object or a hashref containing

    bucket
        The name of the bucket to remove

    Returns false (and fails) if the bucket isn't empty.

    Returns true if the bucket is successfully deleted.

  list_bucket
    List all keys in this bucket.

    Takes a hashref of arguments:

    MANDATORY

    bucket
        The name of the bucket you want to list keys on

    OPTIONAL

    prefix
        Restricts the response to only contain results that begin with the
        specified prefix. If you omit this optional argument, the value of
        prefix for your query will be the empty string. In other words, the
        results will be not be restricted by prefix.

    delimiter
        If this optional, Unicode string parameter is included with your
        request, then keys that contain the same string between the prefix
        and the first occurrence of the delimiter will be rolled up into a
        single result element in the CommonPrefixes collection. These
        rolled-up keys are not returned elsewhere in the response. For
        example, with prefix="USA/" and delimiter="/", the matching keys
        "USA/Oregon/Salem" and "USA/Oregon/Portland" would be summarized in
        the response as a single "USA/Oregon" element in the CommonPrefixes
        collection. If an otherwise matching key does not contain the
        delimiter after the prefix, it appears in the Contents collection.

        Each element in the CommonPrefixes collection counts as one against
        the MaxKeys limit. The rolled-up keys represented by each
        CommonPrefixes element do not. If the Delimiter parameter is not
        present in your request, keys in the result set will not be
        rolled-up and neither the CommonPrefixes collection nor the
        NextMarker element will be present in the response.

    max-keys
        This optional argument limits the number of results returned in
        response to your query. Amazon S3 will return no more than this
        number of results, but possibly less. Even if max-keys is not
        specified, Amazon S3 will limit the number of results in the
        response. Check the IsTruncated flag to see if your results are
        incomplete. If so, use the Marker parameter to request the next page
        of results. For the purpose of counting max-keys, a 'result' is
        either a key in the 'Contents' collection, or a delimited prefix in
        the 'CommonPrefixes' collection. So for delimiter requests, max-keys
        limits the total number of list results, not just the number of
        keys.

    marker
        This optional parameter enables pagination of large result sets.
        "marker" specifies where in the result set to resume listing. It
        restricts the response to only contain results that occur
        alphabetically after the value of marker. To retrieve the next page
        of results, use the last key from the current page of results as the
        marker in your next request.

        See also "next_marker", below.

        If "marker" is omitted,the first page of results is returned.

    Returns undef on error and a hashref of data on success:

    The hashref looks like this:

      {
            bucket          => $bucket_name,
            prefix          => $bucket_prefix, 
            common_prefixes => [$prefix1,$prefix2,...]
            marker          => $bucket_marker, 
            next_marker     => $bucket_next_available_marker,
            max_keys        => $bucket_max_keys,
            is_truncated    => $bucket_is_truncated_boolean
            keys            => [$key1,$key2,...]
       }

    Explanation of bits of that:

    common_prefixes
        If list_bucket was requested with a delimiter, common_prefixes will
        contain a list of prefixes matching that delimiter. Drill down into
        these prefixes by making another request with the prefix parameter.

    is_truncated
        B flag that indicates whether or not all results of your query were
        returned in this response. If your results were truncated, you can
        make a follow-up paginated request using the Marker parameter to
        retrieve the rest of the results.

    next_marker
        A convenience element, useful when paginating with delimiters. The
        value of "next_marker", if present, is the largest (alphabetically)
        of all key names and all CommonPrefixes prefixes in the response. If
        the "is_truncated" flag is set, request the next page of results by
        setting "marker" to the value of "next_marker". This element is only
        present in the response if the "delimiter" parameter was sent with
        the request.

    Each key is a hashref that looks like this:

         {
            key           => $key,
            last_modified => $last_mod_date,
            etag          => $etag, # An MD5 sum of the stored content.
            size          => $size, # Bytes
            storage_class => $storage_class # Doc?
            owner_id      => $owner_id,
            owner_displayname => $owner_name
        }

  list_bucket_all
    List all keys in this bucket without having to worry about 'marker'.
    This is a convenience method, but may make multiple requests to S3 under
    the hood.

    Takes the same arguments as list_bucket.

  add_key
    DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE

  get_key
    DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE

  head_key
    DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE

  delete_key
    DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE

ABOUT
    This module contains code modified from Amazon that contains the
    following notice:

      #  This software code is made available "AS IS" without warranties of any
      #  kind.  You may copy, display, modify and redistribute the software
      #  code either by itself or as incorporated into your code; provided that
      #  you do not remove any proprietary notices.  Your use of this software
      #  code is at your own risk and you waive any claim against Amazon
      #  Digital Services, Inc. or its affiliates with respect to your use of
      #  this software code. (c) 2006 Amazon Digital Services, Inc. or its
      #  affiliates.

TESTING
    Testing S3 is a tricky thing. Amazon wants to charge you a bit of money
    each time you use their service. And yes, testing counts as using.
    Because of this, the application's test suite skips anything approaching
    a real test unless you set these three environment variables:

    AMAZON_S3_EXPENSIVE_TESTS
        Doesn't matter what you set it to. Just has to be set

    AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
        Your AWS access key

    AWS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
        Your AWS sekkr1t passkey. Be forewarned that setting this
        environment variable on a shared system might leak that information
        to another user. Be careful.

AUTHOR
    Leon Brocard <acme@astray.com> and unknown Amazon Digital Services
    programmers.

    Brad Fitzpatrick <brad@danga.com> - return values, Bucket object

SEE ALSO
    Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket