#+STARTUP: overview
#+TITLE: Wi
#+LANGUAGE: en
#+OPTIONS: num:nil
The cutest Emacs distribution

[[./gnutewi.png]]
* Introduction
Wi is a very simple and basic configuration file for Emacs. From here you can edit, remove, or add many aspects of Emacs you want. I encourage you to do so, because Emacs works best when it's customized to your own liking!
*DISCLAIMER* Wi's keybindings are a bit different from Witchmacs, and the manual has not been updated yet. This means you will have to figure things out on your own if you decide to use this config, at least until I decide to make a new manual. /tip: evil mode is disabled./
* Why would I use this?
#+BEGIN_QUOTE
What's the difference between a villain and a super villain? Presentation!
#+END_QUOTE
Currently, the appeal of Wi is seeing a cute Tewi picture everytime you start up Emacs. Also, it is a very basic config which means you can easily add, edit or remove things as you like. You can use this as a building block when making your OWN Emacs config!

#+BEGIN_QUOTE
Ogres are like onions

They smell?

Yes - No! layers! onions have layers! ogres have layers!
#+END_QUOTE
As opposed to many other Emacs distributions, Wi has ZERO customization layers which means you can just jump in, look at the config file and start editing away! After all, Emacs works best when it's customized to your own liking!
* Quick install
#+BEGIN_SRC 
git clone https://github.com/snackon/Wi ~/.emacs.d
#+END_SRC
After running this command, the first time you run Emacs will download all of the specified packages in the config.org file, so please be patient!

Also, to get autocompletion on C, C++ and Java files, you'll need to install the corresponding company backend servers first (you'll be automatically prompted to do so the first time you open a relevant file)
* Dependencies
=clang= as backend for C and C++ autocompletion

=llvm= to install irony server

(optional) =mvn= maven for java project handling through =meghanada=
* Things-to-do
- Add and configure some extra packages
- +Make dashboard cooler+
 + Make dashboard EVEN cooler!
 + Maybe add rotating dashboard pictures
- +Make custom Wi theme+
 + (Maybe) Make custom theme for other Tewi color schemes or different touhous
- +Clean up/organize init.el+
 + Clean up/organize config.org
- Optimize startup time
* QoL section
Minor quality-of-life modifications for a more pleasant Emacs experience
** Enable line numbers
Emacs breaks certain modes when it has line-numbers-mode enabled, (like docview or ansi-term) so I utilize the approach of only enabling it on some major modes rather than globally
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'display-line-numbers-mode)
  (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'display-line-numbers-mode)
#+END_SRC
** Show parent parentheses
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (show-paren-mode 1)
#+END_SRC
** Disable the default startup screen
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq inhibit-startup-message t)
#+END_SRC
** Disable most gui elements
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (tool-bar-mode -1)
  (menu-bar-mode -1)
  (scroll-bar-mode -1)
#+END_SRC
** Enable copypasting outside of Emacs
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq x-select-enable-clipboard t)
#+END_SRC
** Disable automatic creation of backup files
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq make-backup-files nil)
  (setq auto-save-default nil)
#+END_SRC
** Enable conservative scrolling
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq scroll-conservatively 100)
#+END_SRC
** Disable ring-bell
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq ring-bell-function 'ignore)
#+END_SRC
** Indentation
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq-default tab-width 4)
  (setq-default standard-indent 4)
  (setq c-basic-offset tab-width)
  (setq-default electric-indent-inhibit t)
  (setq-default indent-tabs-mode t)
  (setq backward-delete-char-untabify-method 'nil)
#+END_SRC
** Enable prettify symbols mode
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (global-prettify-symbols-mode t)
#+END_SRC
** Enable bracket pair-matching
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq electric-pair-pairs '(
                              (?\{ . ?\})
                              (?\( . ?\))
                              (?\[ . ?\])
                              (?\" . ?\")
                              ))
  (electric-pair-mode t)
#+END_SRC
** Creating a new window switches your cursor to it
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (defun split-and-follow-horizontally ()
	(interactive)
	(split-window-below)
	(balance-windows)
	(other-window 1))
  (global-set-key (kbd "C-x 2") 'split-and-follow-horizontally)

  (defun split-and-follow-vertically ()
	(interactive)
	(split-window-right)
	(balance-windows)
	(other-window 1))
  (global-set-key (kbd "C-x 3") 'split-and-follow-vertically)
#+END_SRC
** Transform yes-or-no questions into y-or-n
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (defalias 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)
#+END_SRC
** Easier resize bindigs
Super - Control - <arrow>
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (global-set-key (kbd "s-C-<left>") 'shrink-window-horizontally)
  (global-set-key (kbd "s-C-<right>") 'enlarge-window-horizontally)
  (global-set-key (kbd "s-C-<down>") 'shrink-window)
  (global-set-key (kbd "s-C-<up>") 'enlarge-window)
#+END_SRC
** Highlight current line
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (global-hl-line-mode t)
#+END_SRC
** Defer loading most packages for quicker startup times
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq use-package-always-defer t)
#+END_SRC
* =Org= mode
** Description
One of the main selling points of Emacs! no Emacs distribution is complete without sensible and well-defined org-mode defaults
** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package org
    :config
    (add-hook 'org-mode-hook 'org-indent-mode)
    (add-hook 'org-mode-hook
              '(lambda ()
                 (visual-line-mode 1))))

  (use-package org-indent
    :diminish org-indent-mode)

  (use-package htmlize
    :ensure t)
#+END_SRC
* Eshell
** Why Eshell?
We are using Emacs, so we might as well implement as many tools from our workflow into it as possible
*** Caveats
Eshell cannot handle ncurses programs and in certain interpreters (Python, GHCi) selecting previous commands does not work (for now). I recommend using eshell for light cli work, and using your external terminal emulator of choice for heavier tasks
** Prompt
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (setq eshell-prompt-regexp "^[^αλ\n]*[αλ] ")
  (setq eshell-prompt-function
        (lambda nil
          (concat
           (if (string= (eshell/pwd) (getenv "HOME"))
               (propertize "~" 'face `(:foreground "#99CCFF"))
             (replace-regexp-in-string
              (getenv "HOME")
              (propertize "~" 'face `(:foreground "#99CCFF"))
              (propertize (eshell/pwd) 'face `(:foreground "#99CCFF"))))
           (if (= (user-uid) 0)
               (propertize " α " 'face `(:foreground "#FF6666"))
           (propertize " λ " 'face `(:foreground "#A6E22E"))))))

  (setq eshell-highlight-prompt nil)
#+END_SRC
** Aliases
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (defalias 'open 'find-file-other-window)
  (defalias 'clean 'eshell/clear-scrollback)
#+END_SRC
** Custom functions
*** Open files as root
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (defun eshell/sudo-open (filename)
    "Open a file as root in Eshell."
    (let ((qual-filename (if (string-match "^/" filename)
                             filename
                           (concat (expand-file-name (eshell/pwd)) "/" filename))))
      (switch-to-buffer
       (find-file-noselect
        (concat "/sudo::" qual-filename)))))
#+END_SRC
*** Super - Control - RET to open eshell
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (defun eshell-other-window ()
    "Create or visit an eshell buffer."
    (interactive)
    (if (not (get-buffer "*eshell*"))
        (progn
          (split-window-sensibly (selected-window))
          (other-window 1)
          (eshell))
      (switch-to-buffer-other-window "*eshell*")))

  (global-set-key (kbd "<s-C-return>") 'eshell-other-window)
#+END_SRC
* Use-package section
** Initialize =auto-package-update=
*** Description
Auto-package-update automatically updates and removes old packages
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package auto-package-update
    :defer nil
    :ensure t
    :config
    (setq auto-package-update-delete-old-versions t)
    (setq auto-package-update-hide-results t)
    (auto-package-update-maybe))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =diminish=
*** Description
Diminish hides minor modes to prevent cluttering your mode line
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package diminish
    :ensure t)
#+END_SRC
*** Historical
22/04/2019: This macro was provided by user [[https://gist.github.com/ld34/44d100b79964407e5ddf41035e3cd32f][ld43]] after I couldn’t figure out how to make diminish work by being at the top of the config file.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  ;(defmacro diminish-built-in (&rest modes)
  ;  "Accepts a list MODES of built-in emacs modes and generates `with-eval-after-load` diminish forms based on the file implementing the mode functionality for each mode."
  ;  (declare (indent defun))
  ;  (let* ((get-file-names (lambda (pkg) (file-name-base (symbol-file pkg))))
  ;	 (diminish-files (mapcar get-file-names modes))
  ;	 (zip-diminish   (-zip modes diminish-files)))
  ;    `(progn
  ;       ,@(cl-loop for (mode . file) in zip-diminish
  ;		  collect `(with-eval-after-load ,file
  ;			     (diminish (quote ,mode)))))))
  ; This bit goes in init.el
  ;(diminish-built-in
  ;  beacon-mode
  ;  which-key-mode
  ;  page-break-lines-mode
  ;  undo-tree-mode
  ;  eldoc-mode
  ;  abbrev-mode
  ;  irony-mode
  ;  company-mode
  ;  meghanada-mode)
#+END_SRC

27/05/2019: Since the diminish functionality was always built-in in use-package, there was never a point in using a diminish config. lol silly me
** Initialize =spaceline=
*** Description
I tried spaceline and didn't like it. What I did like was its theme
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package spaceline
    :ensure t)
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =powerline= and utilize the spaceline theme
*** Description
I prefer powerline over spaceline, but the default powerline themes don't work for me for whatever reason, so I use the spaceline theme
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package powerline
	:ensure t
	:init
	(spaceline-spacemacs-theme)
	:hook
	('after-init-hook) . 'powerline-reset)
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =dashboard=
*** Description
The frontend of Wi; without this there'd be no Tewi in your Emacs startup screen
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package dashboard
    :ensure t
    :defer nil
    :preface
    (defun update-config ()
      "Update Wi to the latest version."
      (interactive)
      (let ((dir (expand-file-name user-emacs-directory)))
        (if (file-exists-p dir)
            (progn
              (message "Wi is updating!")
              (cd dir)
              (shell-command "git pull")
              (message "Update finished. Switch to the messages buffer to see changes and then restart Emacs"))
          (message "\"%s\" doesn't exist." dir))))

    (defun create-scratch-buffer ()
      "Create a scratch buffer"
      (interactive)
      (switch-to-buffer (get-buffer-create "*scratch*"))
      (lisp-interaction-mode))
    :config
    (dashboard-setup-startup-hook)
    (setq dashboard-items '((recents . 5)))
    (setq dashboard-banner-logo-title "W I T C H M A C S - The cutest Emacs distribution!")
    (setq dashboard-startup-banner "~/.emacs.d/marivector.png")
    (setq dashboard-center-content t)
    (setq dashboard-show-shortcuts nil)
    (setq dashboard-set-init-info t)
    (setq dashboard-init-info (format "%d packages loaded in %s"
                                      (length package-activated-list) (emacs-init-time)))
    (setq dashboard-set-footer nil)
    (setq dashboard-set-navigator t)
    (setq dashboard-navigator-buttons
          `(;; line1
            ((,nil
              "Wi on github"
              "Open Wi's github page on your browser"
              (lambda (&rest _) (browse-url "https://github.com/snackon/witchmacs"))
              'default)
             (nil
              "Wi crash course"
              "Open Wi's introduction to Emacs"
              (lambda (&rest _) (find-file "~/.emacs.d/Witcheat.org"))
              'default)
             (nil
              "Update Wi"
              "Get the latest Wi update. Check out the github commits for changes!"
              (lambda (&rest _) (update-config))
              'default)
             )
            ;; line 2
            ((,nil
              "Open scratch buffer"
              "Switch to the scratch buffer"
              (lambda (&rest _) (create-scratch-buffer))
              'default)
             (nil
              "Open config.org"
              "Open Wi's configuration file for easy editing"
              (lambda (&rest _) (find-file "~/.emacs.d/config.org"))
              'default)))))
#+END_SRC
*** Notes
If you pay close attention to the code in dashboard, you'll  notice that it uses custom functions defined under the :preface use-package block. I wrote all of those functions by looking at other people's Emacs distributions (Mainly [[https://github.com/seagle0128/.emacs.d][Centaur Emacs]]) and then experimenting and adapting them to Wi. If you dig around, you'll find the same things I did - maybe even more!
*** Historical
22/05/19: On this day, the main maintainers of the dashboard package have added built-in fuinctionality to display init and package load time, thing that I already had implemented much earlier on my own. I have left here my implementation for historical purposes
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  ;(insert (concat
  ;         (propertize (format "%d packages loaded in %s"
  ;                             (length package-activated-list) (emacs-init-time))
  ;                     'face 'font-lock-comment-face)))
  ;
  ;(dashboard-center-line)
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =which-key=
*** Description
Incredibly useful package; if you are in the middle of a command and don't know what to type next, just wait a second and you'll get a nice buffer with all possible completions
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package which-key
    :ensure t
    :diminish which-key-mode
    :init
    (which-key-mode))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =swiper=
*** Description
When doing C-s to search, you get this very nice and neat mini-buffer that you can traverse with the arrow keys (or C-n and C-p) and then press <RET> to select where you want to go
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package swiper
	:ensure t
	:bind ("C-s" . 'swiper))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =beacon=
*** Description
You might find beacon an unnecesary package but I find it very neat. It briefly highlights the cursor position when switching to a new window or buffer
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package beacon
    :ensure t
    :diminish beacon-mode
    :init
    (beacon-mode 1))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =avy=
*** Description
Avy is a very useful package; instead of having to move your cursor to a line that is very far away, just do M - s and type the character that you want to move to
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package avy
	:ensure t
	:bind
	("M-s" . avy-goto-char))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =switch-window=
*** Description
Switch window is a neat package because instead of having to painstakingly do C - x o until you're in the window you want  to edit, you can just do C - x o and pick the one you want to move to according to the letter it is assigned to
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package switch-window
	:ensure t
	:config
	(setq switch-window-input-style 'minibuffer)
	(setq switch-window-increase 4)
	(setq switch-window-threshold 2)
	(setq switch-window-shortcut-style 'qwerty)
	(setq switch-window-qwerty-shortcuts
		  '("a" "s" "d" "f" "j" "k" "l"))
	:bind
	([remap other-window] . switch-window))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =ido= and =ido-vertical=
*** Description
For the longest time I used the default way of switching and killing buffers in Emacs. Same for finding files. Ido-mode made these three tasks IMMENSELY easier and more intuitive. Please not that I still use the default way M - x works because I believe all you really need for it is which-key
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package ido
    :init
    (ido-mode 1)
    :config
    (setq ido-enable-flex-matching nil)
    (setq ido-create-new-buffer 'always)
    (setq ido-everywhere t))

  (use-package ido-vertical-mode
    :ensure t
    :init
    (ido-vertical-mode 1))
  ; This enables arrow keys to select while in ido mode. If you want to
  ; instead use the default Emacs keybindings, change it to
  ; "'C-n-and-C-p-only"
  (setq ido-vertical-define-keys 'C-n-C-p-up-and-down)
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =async=
*** Description
Utilize asynchronous processes whenever possible
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package async
	:ensure t
	:init
	(dired-async-mode 1))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =page-break-lines=
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package page-break-lines
    :ensure t
    :diminish (page-break-lines-mode visual-line-mode))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =undo-tree=
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package undo-tree
    :ensure t
    :diminish undo-tree-mode)
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =treemacs=
*** Description
Neat side-bar file and project explorer
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package treemacs
    :ensure t
    :defer t
    :init
    (with-eval-after-load 'winum
      (define-key winum-keymap (kbd "M-0") #'treemacs-select-window))
    :config
    (progn
      (setq treemacs-collapse-dirs                 (if (executable-find "python3") 3 0)
            treemacs-deferred-git-apply-delay      0.5
            treemacs-display-in-side-window        t
            treemacs-eldoc-display                 t
            treemacs-file-event-delay              5000
            treemacs-file-follow-delay             0.2
            treemacs-follow-after-init             t
            treemacs-git-command-pipe              ""
            treemacs-goto-tag-strategy             'refetch-index
            treemacs-indentation                   2
            treemacs-indentation-string            " "
            treemacs-is-never-other-window         nil
            treemacs-max-git-entries               5000
            treemacs-missing-project-action        'ask
            treemacs-no-png-images                 nil
            treemacs-no-delete-other-windows       t
            treemacs-project-follow-cleanup        nil
            treemacs-persist-file                  (expand-file-name ".cache/treemacs-persist" user-emacs-directory)
            treemacs-recenter-distance             0.1
            treemacs-recenter-after-file-follow    nil
            treemacs-recenter-after-tag-follow     nil
            treemacs-recenter-after-project-jump   'always
            treemacs-recenter-after-project-expand 'on-distance
            treemacs-show-cursor                   nil
            treemacs-show-hidden-files             t
            treemacs-silent-filewatch              nil
            treemacs-silent-refresh                nil
            treemacs-sorting                       'alphabetic-desc
            treemacs-space-between-root-nodes      t
            treemacs-tag-follow-cleanup            t
            treemacs-tag-follow-delay              1.5
            treemacs-width                         30)
      (treemacs-resize-icons 11)
	
      (treemacs-follow-mode t)
      (treemacs-filewatch-mode t)
      (treemacs-fringe-indicator-mode t)
      (pcase (cons (not (null (executable-find "git")))
                   (not (null (executable-find "python3"))))
        (`(t . t)
         (treemacs-git-mode 'deferred))
        (`(t . _)
         (treemacs-git-mode 'simple))))
    :bind
    (:map global-map
          ("M-0"       . treemacs-select-window)
          ("C-x t 1"   . treemacs-delete-other-windows)
          ("C-x t t"   . treemacs)
          ("C-x t B"   . treemacs-bookmark)
          ("C-x t C-t" . treemacs-find-file)
          ("C-x t M-t" . treemacs-find-tag)))

  (use-package treemacs-evil
    :after treemacs evil
      :ensure t)

    (use-package treemacs-icons-dired
      :after treemacs dired
      :ensure t
      :config (treemacs-icons-dired-mode))
#+END_SRC
** Initialize =magit=
*** Description
Git porcelain for Emacs
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package magit
    :ensure t)
#+END_SRC
** Built-in entry: =eldoc=
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package eldoc
    :diminish eldoc-mode)
#+END_SRC
** Built-in entry: =abbrev=
*** Code
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (use-package abbrev
    :diminish abbrev-mode)
#+END_SRC