NAME
    Heap::Fibonacci::Fast - XS bridge to fast C fibonacci heap
    implementation

SYNOPSIS
            use Heap::Fibonacci::Fast;
            my $heap = Heap::Fibonacci::Fast->new();
            while(my ($key, $data) = compute()){
                    $heap->key_insert($key, $data);
            }
            $heap->extract_top();
        
            my $heap = Heap::Fibonacci::Fast->new('code', sub { ord($a) <=> ord($b) });

DESCRIPTION
    Heap is a data structure that keeps it's elements partially sorted, so
    when your data changes a lot, heaps are cheaper then maintaining fully
    sorted data.

METHODS
  "new"
    Initializes heap, with specific type. Default is 'min'. 'min' and 'max'
    types are keyed - with element, you should supply an integer key, that
    is used for ordering.

            my $heap = Heap::Fibonacci::Fast->new([$type, [$coderef]]);

    min
      This is default heap type. It is keyed, elements with minimal keys are
      extracted first.

    max
      This is keyed heap. Elements with maximal keys are extracted first.

    code
      This type is useful, when you can't specify exact keys for your
      elements, but, intead, allows you to compare elements by your own.
      Callback should use $a and $b, like standard "sort", with same return
      values meanings.

  "insert"
    Adds all supplied elements to the heap. Can be used only for 'code'
    heaps. You can't store "undef" in the heap. If called in non-void
    context, then, for each added element, returns handle for usage with
    "remove".

            my @handles = $heap->insert($elem1, ...);
            my $handle  = $heap->insert($data);

  "key_insert"
    Adds all supplied element+key pairs to the heap. Can be used only for
    keyed heaps. You can't store "undef" in the heap. If called in non-void
    context, then, for each added element, returns handle for usage with
    "remove".

            my @handles = $heap->key_insert($key1, $elem1, ...);
            my $handle  = $heap->key_insert($key, $data);

  "extract_top"
    Remove top element of the heap (minimal one, in terms of comparsion
    function) and returns it. Returns "undef" for empty heap.

            my $elem = $heap->extract_top();

  "top"
    Returns top element of the heap (minimal one, in terms of comparsion
    function). Returns "undef" for empty heap.

            my $elem = $heap->top();

  "top_key"
    Returns key for the top element of the heap (minimal one, in terms of
    comparsion function). Returns "undef" for empty heap. Applicable only
    for keyed heaps.

            my $key = $heap->top_key();

  "extract_upto"
    Removes from heap and returns all elements that are smaller (in terms of
    comparsion function) than given key (for keyed heaps) or given element
    (for code heaps).

            my @elements = $heap->extract_upto(12);

  "remove"
    Removes element from heap, hanlde should be valid one, saved from
    "insert"/"key_insert" call. Handle for any particular element becomes
    invalid after "clear", "extract_top" and "extract_upto" calls. Supplying
    invalind handle leads to unpredicatble results.

            $heap->remove($handle);

  "count"
    Returns number of elements in heap.

            my $count = $heap->count();

  "clear"
    Empties heap.

            $heap->clear();

  "get_type"
    Return heap type as string, same as for "new" call.

            if ($heap->get_type() ne 'code')

SEE ALSO
    Heap

    Pure-perl implementation of fibonacci, binary and binomial heaps, with
    rather strange interface.

    Heap::Simple

    Pure-perl and XS implementations of some heap (not specified heap's
    type), can handle supplied data in a variety of ways.

    You can run compare.pl supplied with distribution to see some benchmark
    values.

    <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_heap>

    Read this, if you want to know about Fibonacci heap algorythm
    complexity.

AUTHOR
    Sergey Aleynikov <sergey.aleynikov@gmail.com>

LICENSE
    Copyright (c) 2009 by Sergey Aleynikov. All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
    met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2.
    Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
    PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
    LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
    CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
    SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
    INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
    CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
    ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
    THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

    libfib (c) 1997-2003 John-Mark Gurney, under the same terms. For full
    license text, see fib.c.